As a professional cloud developer with experience in AWS, Google Cloud Platform (GCP), and Microsoft Azure, here are the top 10 AWS Route 53 interview questions and answers:
- What is AWS Route 53?
Answer: AWS Route 53 is a highly available and scalable Domain Name System (DNS) web service. It is designed to provide reliable and cost-effective domain registration, DNS routing, and health checking of resources within your environment.
- How does Route 53 work?
Answer: Route 53 works by translating human-readable domain names into IP addresses that machines can understand. It uses a global network of DNS servers to respond to queries with low latency and high availability, ensuring that clients are directed to the appropriate resources.
- What is the difference between Alias and CNAME records in Route 53?
Answer: Alias records are specific to Route 53 and are used to map domain names to AWS resources like ELB, CloudFront distributions, or S3 buckets. They can also be used to route traffic to other domain names. CNAME records, on the other hand, map domain names to other domain names, acting as a canonical name.
- What are the different routing policies available in Route 53?
Answer: Route 53 offers several routing policies to direct traffic to resources:
- Simple Routing
- Weighted Routing
- Latency-based Routing
- Failover Routing
- Geolocation Routing
- Geoproximity Routing (Traffic Flow only)
- Multivalue Answer Routing
- How do you set up health checks in Route 53?
Answer: Health checks in Route 53 can be set up by creating a new health check, specifying the endpoint (IP address or domain name), and choosing the desired monitoring settings like protocol, port, and request interval. You can also configure advanced options such as string matching or SSL certificate validation.
- How does Route 53 handle failover scenarios?
Answer: Route 53 can be configured to handle failover scenarios by using the Failover Routing policy. When a primary resource becomes unavailable, Route 53 automatically redirects traffic to a secondary resource based on the health checks you’ve configured.
- What is the difference between public and private hosted zones in Route 53?
Answer: Public hosted zones are used to route traffic over the internet, while private hosted zones are used to route traffic within a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC). Private hosted zones allow you to control DNS namespace and resolution within your VPC, without exposing your resources to the public internet.
- How do you transfer a domain to Route 53?
Answer: To transfer a domain to Route 53, you need to perform the following steps:
- Ensure that your domain is eligible for transfer
- Obtain the domain’s Auth code from the current registrar
- Unlock the domain
- Initiate the transfer process in Route 53 and provide the Auth code
- Approve the transfer request from your current registrar
- What is Traffic Flow in Route 53?
Answer: Traffic Flow is a feature in Route 53 that allows you to create complex routing policies using a visual editor. With Traffic Flow, you can create and manage traffic policies that combine multiple routing policies, such as latency-based, geolocation, and weighted routing.
- How is Route 53 pricing structured?
Answer: Route 53 pricing is structured around four main components:
- Domain registration (annual fee)
- Hosted zones (monthly fee per hosted zone)
- DNS queries (per million queries)
- Health checks (per health check, per month)
Additional charges may apply for domain transfers, traffic flow policies, or DNSSEC.
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